Jul

8

How Do Eyeglasses & Sunglasses Really Work?

Filed Under Designer Eyeglasses, Eyewear Knowledge, Sunglasses Trivia 


eyewearCorrective Lenses: Corrective lenses, which most often are used to correct near and farsightedness, work by modifying (through concave or convex lenses) the focal length of the eye. That is, problems occur when light reaches the eye at the wrong points within the eye, lenses with a specific shape like a bubble or a cup are used to bend the light and focus it on the correct part of the inside of the eye. That oversimplified explanation can be expanded on by reading my former article on how the eye works.

Sunglasses: Sunglasses work to reduce the amount of light that reaches the eye. Many people (especially those with fair skin and eye tones) complain of extreme headaches or pain caused by light. Sunglasses are used to reduce the amount of light to the eye, and thus are a necessary accessory for many blue and green-eyed people.  Aside from this, they are used to block harmful UV rays from deteriorating the eye or otherwise harming or causing discomfort to the eye.

Sunglasses are simply a pane of glass that has been tinted. That is, they reflect back some light and only allow a certain degree to pass through the glass lenses. Polarized lenses further assist in dispelling light evenly across one’s line of sight, thus reducing the sharp effect light may have when concentrated in one area.

Contact Lenses. Contact lenses, first refined by Otto Wichterle, the inventor of the gel-like plastic used in their production, are said to be used by some 125 million people worldwide. Though their history dates back as far as the 16th century, the contact lens was not widely used, or indeed really usable, until Wichterle’s gel adaptation. The original inventors, independent and various as they were, intended glass or even miniature cups of water to be adhered to the eye to alter its shape or increase its magnification.

            Contact lenses can be used to tint the eye and thus alter its color and design, or they can be used as a corrective tool. As a coloring device one simply inserts the gel lens and the color of the lens is reflected when light hits the eye. Fashionable artistic work has been done in the development of the cosmetic lens. As a corrective tool, they can be used for both near and farsighted patients in the correction of refraction errors. In this capacity contact lenses work in much the same way as glasses, except that because of their proximity to the eye, the amount of correction needed may vary from your glasses prescription to your contact lens prescription. Contact lenses are also used in the treatment of various diseases of the eye, including diseases where the eyelid rubs and tears the eye itself. Additionally, lenses with tints are available that block light, for those with overly sensitive eyes.

Laser Eye Surgery. Laser surgery, or orogolomistician surgery (ocular for short) is a procedure performed on the eye to correct the eye’s visual ability. There are several types of surgery, the most common shapes the cornea’s surface to change the optical direction of light penetration. In the US, laser eye surgery is the third most common surgery with around 1.2 million recipients annually. Having known quite a few people who have undergone laser eye surgery, I am happy to report that they were all highly successful procedures. It should be noted that even after laser surgery your eyes may not return to 20/20 vision. Also, the surgery may need to be repeated as your eyes may return to their original condition with age. Therefore, if you plan to have laser surgery, be forewarned that you may need to keep those glasses around the house—just incase. 

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